Welcome to our free LNAT practice tests and other critical thinking skills development tips.

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Rob Williams

Then ask Rob,  our in-house  expert LNAT specialist. Ask any LNAT question by emailing passedpapers@gmail.com. An Associate Fellow of the British Psychological Society, Rob Williams is a Chartered Psychologist with over 25 years of experience working and designing tests. Rob has consulted for many of the top school entrance test publishers, including the ISEBCambridge Assessment ; Hodder Education, and GL Assessment.

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We aim to help educate you about the: You can learn a lot about the LNAT exam format and the different types of critical reasoning skills needed to answer the different types of LNAT question. Then we recommend that you

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LNAT practice tests

An Associate Fellow of the British Psychological Society, Rob Williams is a Chartered Psychologist with over 25 years of experience working and designing tests. He is also the author of five psychometric test design books.

Aptitude test books and free practice

  • Our recommended LNAT test practice and Law University Admissions LNAT.
  • School Entrance Tests’ popular Passed Papers’ LNAT video guide: LNAT VIDEO GUIDE.
  • The LNAT is used by universities to select students for their undergraduate law degrees.

    We hope you find out LNAT practice test resources useful!


    Rob Williams

    Ask ROB (expert test developer) your questions by emailing passedpapers@gmail.com

    An Associate Fellow of the British Psychological Society, Rob Williams is a Chartered Psychologist with over 25 years of experience working and designing tests.
    Rob has worked for the school entrance test publishers ISEB and GL – as well as the leading global psychometric test publishers including SHL, Kenexa IBM, MBTI, CAPP and SOVA Assessment.


    Our free LNAT Practice Tests:

    We hope you enjoy our free LNAT practice tips and LNAT practice test below.

    Here is our LNAT PRACTICE TEST 1 free download.

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    LNAT Practice Test answers

       

       

      Critical Thinking Skills LNAT Test

      • LNAT refers to an assessment that universities use to place students in appropriate undergraduate law courses based on .on their assessment scores.
      • The test assesses the capacity, of an individual in particular skills needed to study law; therefore. knowledge of law does not form part of the LNAT.
      • LNAT Consortium members and Pearson VUE manage the LNAT.
      • The LNAT is useful for university selection from a pool of highly qualified applicants. 
      • LNAT test comprises multiple-choice questions (section A) and an essay (section B).
      • The former is computer-based and has comprehension passages to check the candidate’s ability to understand.
      • LNAT software also checks the scores of an individual. Then determines marks out of 42, usually called the LNAT score (LNAT, n.d),
      • The second LNAT section requires each candidate to write an essay based on one of three provided subjects.
      • LNAT Scores show the ability of a person to make a convincing argument and conclusion.
      • Consequently, the score determines which undergraduate program is suitable for each respective candidate.

       

      Woman at laptop with headset as LNAT Tutor Online

      LNAT Practice Test Tips

         

          • Read through each passage. Make a mental note of those statements that are facts. Plus, those “weaker” statements which only express an opinion.

          • Any verbal reasoning test requires careful reading of both the passage and each question. Critical verbal reasoning tests require even more careful reading!

          • Sometimes a question will highlight particular words in bold text. Here you need to ensure that this emphasis is recognized by your answer.

          • In many job roles that require verbal reasoning skills one of the specific abilities required is that of critical reasoning.

        What type of aptitude test questions are in the LNAT?

        LNAT question types

        There are four broad types of LNAT question:

           

            • Interpretation LNAT question type

            • Summary LNAT question type

            • Deduction and Inference LNAT question types

            • Assumptions LNAT question type

          (1) Interpretation

          How can you best summarize the passage?

             

              • Find the word which could be substituted for another in the passage?

              • The most suitable replacement is which one of these options?

              • What’s meant by the following term?

              • Which fact is included in the passage?

            (2) Summary

            What is the main point the passage is making?

               

                • Which of the following statements best summarizes the second paragraph?

                • What best summarises what the author is saying in the last paragraph?

                • Do any statements not form part of the passage’s argument?

              (3) Deduction and Inference

              It’s not just the person writing a newspaper article who needs to use critical reasoning skills – the person reading the article needs to apply their own critical reasoning skills too.

              An astute reader always asks: Does the writer’s overall conclusion follow on from the evidence and facts presented?

              This question is an example of logical deduction or deductive reasoning – the linking of one or more statements, or premises, to make a logically sound conclusion. Are the argument’s premises true?

              On the other hand, inductive reasoning or inference is based on discerning what is probable or what is likely to be true from true premises. Critical reasoning involves applying both inductive and deductive reasoning to arguments.

              (4) Assumptions

                 

                  • What can be inferred about X from the passage?

                  • Which of the following can be deduced from the passage?

                  • Find an assumption within the passage?

                  • Which statements lend support to the passage’s argument?

                  • Whose opinion is expressed by the author?

                LNAT practice and critical reasoning practice. Woman analysing painting

                Top School Entrance Tests LNAT Test Taking Strategies

                Improving the speed with which you can digest complex prose will help your critical reasoning test performance.
                Read the passage quickly the first time to get a feel for the main points.

                Then read the passage a second time more carefully, mentally noting the key content of each paragraph.

                Focus on the core of the argument and its supporting evidence, together with the author’s stance on the issue.

                While you need to absorb the critical reasoning test passages as efficiently as possible, that does not mean that you need to rush your answers.

                Quite the opposite, since there will be many different question formats.

                It is very important to double-check that you are 100% clear on what the question is asking for.

                To pass a critical reasoning test you need to understand the development of an argument – in particular, what points provide factual support.

                Reading commentary on political, social and economic debates will certainly improve your understanding.


                Rob Williams

                Ask ROB (expert test developer) your questions by emailing passedpapers@gmail.com

                An Associate Fellow of the British Psychological Society, Rob Williams is a Chartered Psychologist with over 25 years of experience working and designing tests.
                Rob has worked for the school entrance test publishers ISEB and GL – as well as the leading global psychometric test publishers including SHL, Kenexa IBM, MBTI, CAPP and SOVA Assessment.


                Passing the LNAT Test

                   

                    • How are individual’s opinions, counteracts and factual evidence expressed?

                    • Is there one or more argument? One or more conclusion?

                    • Look out for any assumptions and consider which specific pieces of information are being used to make a conclusion.

                    • Is each piece of information reliable? Would you draw the same conclusion yourself?

                    • What additional information would you need to frame a counterargument?

                  Do not let your own general knowledge lead you astray.
                  It’s vital that you do not let any of your personal opinions or your general knowledge influence your answers even slightly.

                  This recommendation applies even if it seems that the correct answer is in direct contradiction to what you know or believe to be true.

                  To summarise, these are the skills you need to demonstrate to succeed in a critical reasoning test:

                     

                      • Separating facts from inferences and opinions

                      • Identifying the implications of a factual statement

                      • Making logical deductions from a passage of prose

                    LNAT practice and critical reasoning practice. Two men discussing legal documents

                    Critical Thinking Skills LNAT Test

                    Legal training institutions apply LNAT alongside other recognized admission guidelines like academic qualifications.

                    LNAT refers to an assessment that universities use to place students in appropriate undergraduate law courses based on .on their assessment scores.
                    The test assesses the capacity, of an individual in particular skills needed to study law; therefore. knowledge of law does not form part of this test.

                    LNAT is useful for universities as it assists in making the right choices when selecting individuals from a pool of highly qualified applicants to join them.

                    LNAT test comprises multiple-choice questions (section A) and an essay (section B).
                    The former is computer-based and has comprehension passages to check the candidate’s ability to understand. The computer checks the scores of an individual.
                    Then determines marks out of 42, usually called the LNAT score (LNAT, n.d).

                    The second section requires each candidate to write an essay based on one of three provided subjects.

                    Scores here show the ability of a person to make a convincing argument and conclusion.

                    Consequently, the score determines which undergraduate program is suitable for each respective candidate.

                     

                    LNAT test strategies Part I

                    A critical reasoning test, like the LNAT, typically asks you to use different types of logical reasoning to “test” the accuracy and the interpretation presented in the passage of a particular topic. Read the passage quickly the first time to get a feel for the main points. Then read the passage a second time more carefully, mentally noting the key content of each paragraph.

                    There follow some elementary points that are hopefully easy for you to remember. The practise question section will also give you a feel of the type of text that you will need to understand in a critical reasoning test. Such practice, together with your raised awareness of what to expect, can certainly improve your performance in most critical thinking tests. Unfortunately, there isn’t any secret formula for passing this type of verbal reasoning test.

                    With all psychometric tests, it is important to read and fully understand the test instructions before starting the test. With such complex test formats as these, it’s worth repeating this advice again. There are many different types of question format when it comes to critical thinking tests and you must know in advance exactly what each type of question is asking for.

                    LNAT practice test strategies Part II

                       

                        • Firstly, do not let your own general knowledge lead you stray. It’s vital that you do not let any of your personal opinions or your general knowledge influence your answers even slightly.

                        • Secondly, expect that each passage contains at least two sides from the “undecided debate” of a contentious issue.

                        • Thirdly, improving the speed with which you can digest complex prose will help your test performance.

                        • Fourthly, focus on the core of the argument and its supporting evidence, together with the author’s stance on the issue.

                        • Fourth, whilst you need to absorb the test passages as efficiently as possible, that does not mean that you need to rush your answers.

                        • Fifth, double-check that you are 100% clear on what the question is asking for.

                        •  

                      Also, do take care when interpreting the meaning of complex words.

                      Finally, look out for any words that imply something absolute, such as “always”, “never”, “all”. Do not confuse these with similar words or phrases that are not so definitive (e.g. “almost always, most of the time, invariably” and “often”) and the weak forms (e.g. “sometimes”, “some of the time” etc).

                      Following on from the above point you need to understand the development of an argument. In particular what points are relevant to a specific argument and what points are irrelevant.

                      Critical reasoning test strategies

                      Familiarise yourself with how journalists write a comment and Opinion articles online or in the broadsheet newspapers.

                      – How are individual’s opinions, counteracts and factual evidence expressed?

                      – Is there one or more argument? One or more conclusion?

                      – Is each piece of information reliable? Would you draw the same conclusion yourself?

                      – What additional information would you need to frame a counterargument?

                      LNAT practice and critical reasoning practice. People analysing empty frames on a wall.

                      LNAT Preparation

                      We recommend that you read a quality general daily newspaper (in English) every day, or as often as you can, and think about the issues that are raised. What assumptions are present? How would you frame a counterargument? Reading a quality daily newspaper will also help you to be aware of the world around you.

                      LNAT practice and critical reasoning practice. People at computers with supervisor.

                      LNAT Essay topics

                      Read online newspapers (usually freely available, although registration may be required). If you do read the online versions, remember to read the comment pieces as well as the news. (One question you might ask yourself: What exactly is the difference between news and comment? Is the contrast really apparent in practice?)

                      The other thing you can usefully do is practise. This has two objectives: the first is to familiarise yourself with the format of the LNAT and its questions; the second is to familiarise yourself with the kind of thinking that the LNAT requires. We offer our own practice test to help you and our own commentary on the answers. You can also try freely-available questions from other sources that are similar to LNAT questions.

                      What does the LNAT test? 

                      The purpose of a critical verbal reasoning test is to assess reasoning abilities when applied to a complex passage of text. You also need to analyse the different points within the passage. How would you evaluate each of these points? What logical conclusions
                      can you draw from the information that you have read? As you can see this goes beyond the understanding of the text that has formed the basis for other verbal reasoning tests discussed so far.

                      How to Find a Specialized LNAT Tutor Online

                      Hiring expert tutor to aid preparations for the LNAT test can significantly contribute to good scores. Several tutors usually advertise on online platforms to reach potential students. However, some individuals posing as tutors are not experts in LNAT and may mislead candidates. Therefore, applicants should know methods of identifying specialized tutors. It is essential to conduct background checks on a tutor before seeking his or her services.

                      A potential tutor should have adequate experience in LNAT tests. Exceptional understanding of LNAT tests enables a tutor to give students helpful knowledge. Referral by comrades can connect an individual with a specialized tutor, Therefore, a candidate may inquire from other students receiving similar tutoring services and learn about their experience.

                      LNAT practice. Books scale and gavel on top..

                      Your Law School admission depends on LNAT practice!

                      Many highly qualified candidates apply for admission to various law programs in law schools. Therefore, LNAT critical reasoning tests provide a suitable solution to this problem as it ensures that law schools choose individuals for various programs depending on abilities displayed by their LNAT scores.

                      Pearson VUE usually provides the LNAT scores to universities on 20th October. Admission tutors of each university then use these scores as part of candidates’ application, Along with other admission criteria, universities use the LNAT test marks to select suitable students (LNAT, n.d). Therefore, universities can utilize LNAT in the best way that satisfies their admission requirements or policies. Notably, LNAT is not a replacement to A levels but used together with other criteria including formal qualifications, performance at interview, the information provided on the UCAS, and personal statement.

                      Critical Reasoning Test Tips

                      Here, two aspect of the established method from above take on increased significance over the others:

                         

                          1. Read the question. This is generally pretty straightforward, and simply enquires as to the client’s reason for engaging McKinsey.

                          1. Scan the answers and underline key words. Do not spend any more than 10 seconds on this step. As before, the purpose is simply to facilitate finding relevant pieces of information later.

                          1. Go back to the text and quickly jump to the relevant part. More than 50% if the paragraph is of little or no use. Precisely reading the essential sentence will be enough to answer the question.

                          1. Go back to the answers, crossing out the incorrect ones:
                            1. This answer may be true, but it does not capture the purpose behind engaging your team. The CEO did not call your team to advise him on branding or design, but because he wants to understand the causes of his company’s downturn. FALSE
                            1. The reason for engaging your team is not to understand the causes of the poor shopping experience, but the causes of the downturn – these are not necessarily going to be the same thing. FALSE
                            1. The purpose of this engagement is finding out whether inconsistent shopping experiences across stores led to the current downturn. TRUE

                               

                                1. Again, this answer could be true, but it is not the reason for engaging your team. The CEO did not bring you in to redesign policies, but to understand the causes of the downturn. FALSE

                          Critical Reasoning Test Tricks

                             

                              • Highlight the keywords in all answers. Prioritising the right words and sentences will save you a great deal of time.

                              • Cross out incorrect answers. Often, one or more answers will be clearly incorrect, whilst two or more will appear to be correct or almost correct. Cross out the obviously wrong answers before returning to the introductory text to pick out which of the “almost right” answers is actually correct.

                              • Beware of the “sensible answer trap”. Sometimes, answers contain implications which look rational and sensible. However, be very careful about making assumptions beyond the information you have been supplied. No matter how reasonable a statement might seem, if the client has not actually said something to that effect, that statement is simply not valid.

                            So, what are the KEY CRITICAL REASONING skills?

                            Each PST question type tests a subset of the skills that are useful in consulting. It is worth remembering that there is only so far practicing PST example questions alone will get you if you have not taken the time to develop these skills. Think about a kid trying to learn math – they can spend hours looking at all the sums they want, but they won’t get very far if they haven’t learnt to add yet!

                               

                                • Identifying Root Causes

                              Just like doctors, consultants focus on identifying and treating the underlying causes of a problem. When you address a problem, you shouldn’t ever stop at the superficial level of observable symptoms, but must dig deeper and find the real issue underlying what you are dealing with.

                              For example, imagine a doctor who has a patient complaining of persistent headaches. A good doctor is not just going to keep dishing out painkillers, but are going to want to establish what is causing the pain. It might be, say, that the headaches are caused by poor eyesight. If so, the patient will be dispatched to the optician to get some glasses to solve the problem more permanently.

                              Critical Reasoning Skills Tested

                                 

                                  • Drawing Fact-Based Conclusions and Prioritising

                                Consultants always anchor their diagnoses and recommendations on data and analysis – never on opinions or hunches! This is called a fact-based approach.

                                In order to be able to correctly answer all the PST questions (and fill in that answer sheet!) within the time limit, you will need to be able to prioritise important data and calculations, effectively deal with uncertainly and generally find a good compromise between accuracy and speed. This includes the ability to select salient information from large volumes of text and to deal with ambiguity within that text. Once they are on top of the raw facts of what is happening, consultants will always then extract the salient implications – or the “so-what” – of the situation, rather than just re-describing the same data.

                                   

                                    • Numerical Agility

                                     

                                      • Reading Charts

                                    Most PST questions will require you to perform some kind of calculation.

                                    OPTIMAL CRITICAL REASONING TEST PREP

                                    By now, you will have a good idea of what the McKinsey Problem Solving Test is, what the questions look like and the skills it is assessing. The categorisation of different question types and the methods and tips we have discussed for each already give you the building blocks for a solid prep. However, to make your preparation both as effective and time efficient as possible, you should really begin by making a plan to provide some structure. This will make sure that you don’t miss out any key elements and also that you distribute your time sensibly.

                                    As you will have realised by now, the PST is difficult – especially because of the acute time constraints. Having made a plan and diligently practiced all your skills might not actually be enough to pass. You also need to consider your strategy for tackling the test optimally. We have already given a few tips on this, peppered throughout the sections above, but there are also several points on general test management which you will need to know about.

                                    Let’s look in more depth both at how you should plan your prep and at your strategy for approaching the McKinsey Problem Solving Test:

                                    1. Critical Reasoning Skill Building

                                    You need to build your general consulting skillset to be able to reliably perform well on real PST questions. As mentioned above, you should take note of where you are underperforming and address your attention there. In particular, you will want to focus on the following:

                                       

                                        • Numerical Agility

                                      You will find that the need to make rapid estimates will recur constantly in PST questions. This includes understanding the appropriate degree of approximation as well as getting through calculations quickly.

                                         

                                          • Reading Charts and Solving Problems

                                        Again, the ability to extract information from diagrams and set up and solve mathematical problems are critical to being able to deal with many PST problems. Indeed, the numbers and equations for your mental math must come from somewhere! You will have to read charts in the McKinsey PST and will have to do so under severe time pressure. Similarly, various types of PST question will test your ability to work through problems in an efficient fashion.

                                        2. Refining

                                        To optimise your performance on the PST, your prep should always include a blend of practice and skill building. Your first step should be to try a practice PST to see where exactly your weak spots are.

                                        It is worth noting that this method also makes sense at a more pragmatic level, as there is only a limited supply of sample PST test papers available to practice with online. This iterative approach, then, has the added benefit of letting you make best possible use of the scarce resource that is PST examples.

                                        3. Simulation

                                        Once you have practiced enough, it will be time to step up to simulating the real PST more fully. There is a temptation to skip what might seem like the “theatrics” of a full simulation.

                                        You should replicate the PST test environment as closely as possible. Print out your sample PST test paper, staple it and print out your answer sheet. Find a quiet room and do the test strictly in the allotted time and without a calculator or any other such “contraband”. You might feel a bit silly doing all of this, but it really is worth it. Sticking exactly to the rules is the only way to really practice your PST test strategy. Even relatively small things like becoming accustomed to keeping your notes entirely in the booklet and actually filling in the answer sheet at the end will save you precious time in the real PST.

                                        4. Keeping an Error Log

                                        When you run through a practice test with a mark scheme, everything will seem very easy. “Oh, of course, that’s exactly what I should have done…” Fast-forward couple of weeks later, though, and you will find yourself staring at a PST question with precisely the same structure, but with no idea of how to solve it.

                                        This is precisely why you need to keep an error log. You might already be familiar with error logs from GMAT prep, but we recommend you extend the practice here.

                                        There is no single correct format for your error log. Some will prefer very organised, detailed logs, whereas others will prefer a more old-fashioned paper record. Really, you should chose whichever method you personally find most convenient, as what is most important is that you actually make consistent use of the log over time.


                                        Rob Williams

                                        Ask ROB (expert test developer) your questions by emailing passedpapers@gmail.com

                                        An Associate Fellow of the British Psychological Society, Rob Williams is a Chartered Psychologist with over 25 years of experience working and designing tests.
                                        Rob has worked for the school entrance test publishers ISEB and GL – as well as the leading global psychometric test publishers including SHL, Kenexa IBM, MBTI, CAPP and SOVA Assessment.